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After German and Slovak pressures, Czechoslovakia became Czech-Slovakia in 1938 after the Munich Pact, meaning the country had to surrender its border and defenses to Nazi Germany. On March 15, 1939, Nazi Germany invaded Czech provinces under the…

A passage from Rose Mary Denman's biography discussing her church trial.

In December 1938, Doris received a passport, issued by the Third Reich, so she and her mother could join her father in England. The Nazis stamped the letter “J” for Jude (Jew) (not pictured) on the first page of the passport.

The fourteen images on this folio depict the monstrous races believed to populate the margins of the world. For each image, there is a corresponding block of text describing the visual qualities of the humanoid creature.

Left column, top to…

After Kristallnacht, the Central British Fund for German Jewry (now World Jewish Relief) arranged with the British government for the rescue of about 4,000 Jewish men released from concentration camps. These refugees stayed in a former army base –…

In the fall of 1938, Nazi authorities required all Jews in Germany to carry identity cards stamped with the letter “J” for Jude (Jew). German Jews whose names did not instantly identify them as Jewish had to add the name “Sara” for women and…