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This artifact is about 1 ½in. by ½in. It is a wick raiser from a kerosene lamp produced by Plume and Atwood Manufacturing Co. in Connecticut in the late 19th-early 20th century. The artifact has the words “The P&A MFG Co. Acorn.”

During Kristallnacht in November 1938, the Nazis burned the Klagenfurt synagogue. The Torah scrolls were taken out to the street and burned, as well as the furniture. In 1944, a bomb destroyed part of the synagogue. In the aftermath of World War II,…

Today, the former Złoczów synagogue's remains are a dirt path and a single pipe.

Nazi propaganda minister Josef Goebbels was the first to suggest a "general distinguishing mark" for German Jews in May 1938. German SS and police official Reinhard Heydrich reiterated the proposal idea on November 12, 1938, during a meeting with…

When the Nazis invaded Poland in 1939, they forced all Polish Jews to wear identity badges. Selma was under the age of 6 and not understanding the situation, recalled feeling jealous that Edith wore a badge, but she did not.